Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces. Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: "cold", "warm", or "hot" forging. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to 580 metric tons. Forged parts usually require further processing to achieve a finished part. Forging as an art form started with the desire to produce decorative objects from precious metals. Today, forging is a major world-wide industry that has significantly contributed to the development of man.
There are many different kinds of forging processes available, however they can be grouped into three main classes
- Drawn out: length increases, cross-section decreases
- Upset: length decreases, cross-section increases
- Squeezed in closed compression dies: produces multidirectional flow
Common forging processes include:
- Roll forging
- Swaging
- Cogging
- Open-die forging
- Impression-die forging
- Press forging
- Automatic hot forging and upsetting.
